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A reverse repurchase agreement, commonly known as a reverse repo, is effectively a type of matched sale. In this financial transaction, one party sells securities to another with the agreement to repurchase them at a later date, often at a higher price. This transaction allows the seller to obtain short-term funding and utilizes the securities as collateral. The term "matched sale" indicates that the sale and repurchase are linked; each transaction has a corresponding counterpart, making them closely related operations.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately define a reverse repurchase agreement. A short sale refers to the practice of selling securities that the seller does not currently own, intending to repurchase them later at a lower price, which is not relevant here. A leveraged buyout involves acquiring a company using borrowed funds, quite different from a reverse repo. Lastly, a cash equivalent refers to a short-term investment that can easily be converted into cash, which does not apply to the specific mechanics of reverse repos. Thus, identifying a reverse repurchase agreement as a matched sale effectively captures its essence in finance.